Qt教程:使用Qt Quick 3D进行渲染的实例

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本教程介绍了如何利用Qt Quick 3D在Qt应用程序中创建和渲染3D图形。通过步骤指导,展示了从创建Qt Quick应用程序、添加Qt Quick 3D模块,到构建包含旋转立方体的3D场景的过程。

在本教程中,我将向您展示如何使用Qt Quick 3D框架进行渲染。Qt Quick 3D是Qt框架的一部分,它提供了一个强大而灵活的工具集,用于在Qt应用程序中创建和渲染3D图形。我们将通过一个简单的示例来演示其用法。

首先,确保您已经安装了Qt框架,并且可以访问Qt Quick 3D模块。接下来,我们将创建一个新的Qt Quick应用程序,并在其基础上构建我们的示例。

步骤1:创建Qt Quick应用程序
在Qt Creator中,选择“File(文件)”菜单,然后选择“New File or Project(新建文件或项目)”。在弹出的对话框中,选择“Qt Quick Application(Qt Quick应用程序)”并单击“Choose(选择)”。

步骤2:添加Qt Quick 3D模块
在Qt Creator的项目视图中,打开项目文件(通常是.pro文件)。在文件中添加以下行:

QT += quick3d

保存文件并重新加载项目。

步骤3:创建3D场景
在我们的示例中,我们将创建一个简单的3D场景,其中包含一个立方体。在项目的根目录中创建一个新的QML文件,命名为Scene3D.qml。在该文件中,我们将定义一个3D场景并添加一个立方体。

import QtQuick 2.15
import QtQuick3D 1.15

Scene3D {
    id: scene

    perspectiveCamera {
        id: camera
     
This directory contains the Qt3D project for Qt5: * Qt3D QML bindings and * Qt3D C++ APIs Building Qt3D ================== Qt5 is a rapidly changing bleeding edge environment. This branch is our initial support for it and thus is also rapidly changing and bleeding edge. This branch is experimental, and unsupported. This information is provided for advanced use only. No guarantees about API stability or even if this works at all are supplied, use at your own risk. First fetch the Qt5 source tree and Qt3D master branch: cd ~/depot git clone ssh://codereview.qt-project.org:29418/qt/qt5.git cd qt5 ./init-repository --codereview-username \ --module-subset=qtbase,qtsvg,qtdeclarative,qttools,qtxmlpatterns,qtdoc,qlalr,qtrepotools,qtqa,qtlocation,qt3d git submodule foreach "git fetch gerrit && git reset --hard gerrit/master" cd qt3d scp -p -P 29418 codereview.qt-project.org:hooks/commit-msg .git/hooks/ git fetch gerrit git checkout --track -b master gerrit/master If you are reading this file then somehow you probably already got this far anyway. Now build Qt5, which will also build Qt3D as a module: cd ~/build mkdir qt5 cd qt5 ~/depot/qt5/configure -developer-build -opensource -confirm-license -no-webkit -no-phonon -nomake tests \ -nomake examples -declarative -opengl -svg && make -j 4 What's in Qt3D ================== Directory structure: src/threed/ This is the main library of the Qt3D project, containing abstractions for cross-platform GL, shaders, lighting models, and so on. src/plugins/ Scene format loading plugins. src/imports/ QML import plugins. util/ Various utilities that are useful when working with Qt3D. examples/ Some examples of using Qt3D QML bindings and Qt3D C++ API. demos/ Some more complex demos of using Qt3D QML bindings and Qt3D C++ API. tests/auto/qml3d/ Unit tests for the QML bindings. tests/auto/threed/ Unit tests for the C++ API doc/ Documentation. devices/symbian/ Symbian deployment file Documentation ============= The documentation can be generated with "make docs". It will be placed into "doc/html" in the build directory. Packages ======== This section is only for those developing Qt3D. Read on to discover how the building of packages works. This section is also important if you want to change how the structure of the Qt3D pro files work. To build Qt3D, run: qmake && make The .pro files will cause the toolchain to place the libraries, QML files and meshes of Qt3D directly into place, as part of the compile process. The files go into the bin/ directory, and the executables can be run directly from there. If you are doing a developer build, plugins will be installed in such a way that Qt will find them. After building the tree the install step is invoked using the INSTALL_ROOT environment export to cause the installation rules to place all the files into a sandboxed install tree, ready for packaging: INSTALL_ROOT=tmp make install Examples ======== Some examples require assimp library to parse the content. Go to http://assimp.sourceforge.net/ and build and install the assimp library. Then configure Qt3D to include assimp and run qmake && make.
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