C#读取Excel到DataGridView(两种方式)

这篇博客介绍了在WinForm应用中使用C#语言读取Excel文件并将其内容显示在DataGridView控件上的两种方法:一是利用Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel库,二是通过OleDb连接。文章提供了详细的源代码示例。

Winform–C#读取Excel到DataGridView(两种方式)

一、 通过Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel

页面模板如下:

在这里插入图片描述

源代码:

using System;
using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace ReadExcel
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.excel1 = new Excel.Application();
            if (excel1 == null)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("error");
                System.Windows.Forms.Application.Exit();
            }
            excel1.Visible = false;
        }
        private ExcelOperate eo;
        private string excelpath;
        private Excel.Application excel1;
        private Excel.Workbooks wbs = null;
        private Excel.Workbook wb = null;
        private Excel.Sheets wss;
        private Excel.Worksheet ws = null;
        private Excel.Range range1 = null;
        private void 打开_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1 = new OpenFileDialog();
            openFileDialog1.Title = "打开excel文件";
            openFileDialog1.Filter = "Excel文件(*.xls)|*.xls|Excel文件(*.xlsx)|*.xlsx";
            openFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = @"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop";
            openFileDialog1.RestoreDirectory = true;
            if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                //打开文件对话框选择的文件
                excelpath = openFileDialog1.FileName;
                eo = new ExcelOperate();
                readExcel(excelpath);
            }
        }
        void readExcel(string path)
        {
            object miss = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
            excel1.UserControl = true;
            excel1.DisplayAlerts = false;
            excel1.Application.Workbooks.Open(excelpath, miss, miss, miss, miss,
                                             miss, miss, miss, miss,
                                             miss, miss, miss, miss,
                                             miss, miss);
            wbs = excel1.Workbooks;
            wss = wbs[1].Worksheets;
            ws = (Excel.Worksheet)wss.get_Item(1);
            int rowNum = ws.UsedRange.Cells.Rows.Count;
            int colNum = ws.UsedRange.Cells.Columns.Count;
            string cellStr = null;
            char ch = 'A';
            for (int i = 0; i < colNum; i++)
            {
                dataGridView1.Columns.Add(i.ToString(), ch.ToString());
                dataGridView1.Rows.Add(rowNum);
                for (int j = 0; j < rowNum; j++)
                {
                    cellStr = ch.ToString() + (j + 1).ToString();
                    dataGridView1[i, j].Value = ws.UsedRange.Cells.get_Range(cellStr, miss).Text.ToString();
                }
                ch++;
            }
        }
    }
}
ExcelOperate .cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
///
/// ExcelOperate 的摘要说明。Excel操作函数
///
public class ExcelOperate
{
    private object mValue = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;

    public ExcelOperate()
    {
        //
        // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
        //
    }

    ///
    /// 合并单元格
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    public void Merge(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Merge(mValue);
    }
    ///
    /// 设置连续区域的字体大小
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    /// 字体大小
    public void SetFontSize(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell, int intFontSize)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Font.Size = intFontSize.ToString();
    }

    ///
    /// 横向打印
    ///
    ///
    public void xlLandscape(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet)
    {
        CurSheet.PageSetup.Orientation = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlPageOrientation.xlLandscape;

    }
    ///
    /// 纵向打印
    ///
    ///
    public void xlPortrait(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet)
    {
        CurSheet.PageSetup.Orientation = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlPageOrientation.xlPortrait;
    }
    ///
    /// 在指定单元格插入指定的值
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 单元格 如Cells[1,1]
    /// 文本、数字等值
    public void WriteCell(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objCell, object objValue)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objCell, mValue).Value2 = objValue;

    }

    ///
    /// 在指定Range中插入指定的值
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    /// 文本、数字等值
    public void WriteRange(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell, object objValue)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Value2 = objValue;
    }

    ///
    /// 合并单元格,并在合并后的单元格中插入指定的值
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    /// 文本、数字等值
    public void WriteAfterMerge(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell, object objValue)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Merge(mValue);
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, mValue).Value2 = objValue;

    }

    ///
    /// 为单元格设置公式
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 单元格
    /// 公式
    public void SetFormula(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objCell, string strFormula)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objCell, mValue).Formula = strFormula;
    }


    ///
    /// 单元格自动换行
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    public void AutoWrapText(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).WrapText = true;
    }

    ///
    /// 设置整个连续区域的字体颜色
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    /// 颜色
    public void SetColor(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell, System.Drawing.Color clrColor)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Font.Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(clrColor);
    }

    ///
    /// 设置整个连续区域的单元格背景色
    ///
    ///
    ///
    ///
    ///
    public void SetBgColor(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell, System.Drawing.Color clrColor)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Interior.Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(clrColor);
    }

    ///
    /// 设置连续区域的字体名称
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    /// 字体名称 隶书、仿宋_GB2312等
    public void SetFontName(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell, string fontname)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Font.Name = fontname;
    }

    ///
    /// 设置连续区域的字体为黑体
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    public void SetBold(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell)
    {
        //CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Font.Bold = true;
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Font.Size = 12;
    }


    ///
    /// 设置连续区域的边框:上下左右都为黑色连续边框
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    public void SetBorderAll(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray);
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;

        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray);
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;

        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray);
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;

        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray);
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;

        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray);
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;

        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].Color = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.ToOle(System.Drawing.Color.LightGray);
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).Borders[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].LineStyle = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;

    }

    ///
    /// 设置连续区域水平居中
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    public void SetHAlignCenter(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).HorizontalAlignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;
    }

    ///
    /// 设置连续区域水平居左
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    public void SetHAlignLeft(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).HorizontalAlignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignLeft;
    }

    ///
    /// 设置连续区域水平居右
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    public void SetHAlignRight(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).HorizontalAlignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignRight;
    }


    ///
    /// 设置连续区域的显示格式
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    /// 如"#,##0.00"的显示格式
    public void SetNumberFormat(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell, string strNF)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).NumberFormat = strNF;

    }
    public void border(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object aa, object bb)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(aa, bb).Borders.LineStyle = 1;
    }

    ///
    /// 设置列宽
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 列标识,如A代表第一列
    /// 宽度
    public void SetColumnWidth(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, string strColID, double dblWidth)
    {
        ((Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)CurSheet.Columns.GetType().InvokeMember("Item", System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, CurSheet.Columns, new object[] { (strColID + ":" + strColID).ToString() })).ColumnWidth = dblWidth;
    }

    ///
    /// 设置列宽
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    /// 宽度
    public void SetColumnWidth(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell, double dblWidth)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).ColumnWidth = dblWidth;
    }


    ///
    /// 设置行高
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 开始单元格
    /// 结束单元格
    /// 行高
    public void SetRowHeight(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objStartCell, object objEndCell, double dblHeight)
    {
        CurSheet.get_Range(objStartCell, objEndCell).RowHeight = dblHeight;

    }


    ///
    /// 为单元格添加超级链接
    ///
    /// Worksheet
    /// 单元格
    /// 链接地址
    /// 屏幕提示
    /// 链接文本
    public void AddHyperLink(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, object objCell, string strAddress, string strTip, string strText)
    {
        CurSheet.Hyperlinks.Add(CurSheet.get_Range(objCell, objCell), strAddress, mValue, strTip, strText);
    }

    ///
    /// 另存为xls文件
    ///
    /// Workbook
    /// 文件路径
    public void Save(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Workbook CurBook, string strFilePath)
    {
        CurBook.SaveCopyAs(strFilePath);
    }

    ///
    /// 保存文件
    ///
    /// Workbook
    /// 文件路径
    public void SaveAs(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Workbook CurBook, string strFilePath)
    {
        CurBook.SaveAs(strFilePath, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlShared, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue);
    }

    ///
    /// 另存为html文件
    ///
    /// Workbook
    /// 文件路径
    public void SaveHtml(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Workbook CurBook, string strFilePath)
    {
        CurBook.SaveAs(strFilePath, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlFileFormat.xlHtml, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue, mValue);
    }


    ///
    /// 释放内存
    ///
    public void Dispose(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Worksheet CurSheet, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Workbook CurBook, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel._Application CurExcel)
    {
        try
        {
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(CurSheet);
            CurSheet = null;
            CurBook.Close(false, mValue, mValue);
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(CurBook);
            CurBook = null;

            CurExcel.Quit();
            System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(CurExcel);
            CurExcel = null;

            GC.Collect();
            GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
        }
        catch (System.Exception ex)
        {
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("在释放Excel内存空间时发生了一个错误:" + ex);
        }
        finally
        {
            foreach (System.Diagnostics.Process pro in System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("Excel"))
                //if (pro.StartTime < DateTime.Now)
                pro.Kill();
        }
        System.GC.SuppressFinalize(this);

    }
}

二、 通过OleDb(页面模板同一相同)

源代码:

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.OleDb;
namespace ReadExcel
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void 打开_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                string excelpath = ofd.FileName;
                dataGridView1.DataSource = ReadFromExcel(excelpath);
            }
        }
        private DataTable ReadFromExcel(string excelpath)
        {
            string sExt = System.IO.Path.GetExtension(excelpath);
            string sConn = null;
            if (sExt == ".xlsx")
            {
                sConn = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelpath + ";" + "Extended Properties='Excel 12.0;HDR=YES'";
            }
            else if (sExt == ".xls")
            {
                sConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelpath + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";
            }
            else
            {
                throw new Exception("文件格式有误");
            }
            OleDbConnection oledbConn = new OleDbConnection(sConn);
            oledbConn.Open();
            OleDbDataAdapter command = new OleDbDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$]", oledbConn);
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
            command.Fill(ds);
            oledbConn.Close();
            return ds.Tables[0];
        }
    }
}
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