Object Oriented Programming

Ishan Thakur

2 min read

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Sep 11, 2023

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Introduction

Object Oriented Programming or OOPs refers to languages that use objects in programming. Object-oriented programming aims to implement real-world entities like inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction and encapsulation in programming. The main aim of OOP is to bind together the data and the functions that operate on them so that no other part of the code can access this data except that function.

Four Pillars of OOPs

1. Inheritance : In this one class is allowed to inherit the features of another class. A class that inherits from another class can reuse the methods and fields of that class. In addition, you can add new fields and methods to your current class as well.
2. Polymorphism : The word “poly” means many and “morphs” means forms, so it means many forms. It allows different objects to respond differently to the same method or operation, making your code more flexible and adaptable.
3. Abstraction : Abstraction is the process of simplifying complex reality by modeling classes based on essential properties and behaviors while hiding irrelevant details. It involves focusing on what an object does rather than how it does it.
4. Encapsulation : Encapsulation is the concept of bundling data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on that data into a single unit, known as a class. It restricts direct access to some of the object’s components.

Conclusion

Object-Oriented Programming is a foundational paradigm that has transformed the way we approach software development. Its principles of encapsulation, inheritance, abstraction, and polymorphism provide a structured and organized approach to creating software systems. OOP’s advantages of modularity, reusability, flexibility, ease of maintenance, and readability make it a key player in modern software development, enabling developers to build robust and maintainable applications across various domains. Whether you’re creating a web application, a mobile app, a game, or any other software, OOP principles will continue to play a crucial role in shaping the future of software development.