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An animation of an oloid turning slowly in place. The smooth blue solid has two curved terracotta edges, each an arc of a circle, set at right angles to each other. Faint straight lines run across its surface from one edge to the other, and its outline changes continuously as it turns.

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MATHEMATICAL MYSTERIES

The Oloid: The Strange Shape With the Surface Area of a Sphere

Two perpendicular circles create a roller that touches the ground with every point of its surface — and whose area is exactly 4πr²

17 min read2 days ago

There is a formula so strongly associated with one shape that seeing it almost makes the shape appear in your mind:

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A = 4πr²

It is the surface area of a sphere.

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Blue sphere showing a radius r from the center to the surface and a horizontal diameter d passing through the center.
A sphere of radius r, with its diameter d shown through the center.

Now imagine something that looks nothing like a sphere: no spherical symmetry, no fixed axle, and a surface assembled from straight line segments. Push it across a table and it sways as it rolls, continually changing orientation while a line of contact travels across its surface.

Yet its total surface area is also exactly

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Structural engineer, professor and science communicator exploring engineering, mathematics, AI and science through clear, useful and engaging stories.