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PySpark for Beginners: Building Intermediate Skills

A practical next step into partitions, shuffles, joins, caching, and execution plans.

13 min readAug 11, 2026

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If you’ve read my first two articles in this series, you’ve already covered a lot of ground.

You know how to create a SparkSession, load data into a DataFrame, define schemas, clean messy columns, join datasets, write Parquet files, and build simple PySpark workflows.

That is already enough to do useful work, and you can find links to those articles at the end.

But once your data grows or your transformations become more complex, a new set of questions starts to appear.

  • Why did this job suddenly become slow?
  • Why does a simple groupBy() take longer than expected?
  • Why does PySpark write so many output files?
  • When should you cache a DataFrame?
  • And what on earth is a shuffle?

This article answers those queries.

We are still keeping things friendly. We’re not going deep into cluster tuning, memory internals, Kubernetes, YARN, or obscure PySpark configuration settings. Instead, we’ll focus on the practical ideas that help you understand what PySpark is doing and how to…

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Thomas Reid
Thomas Reid

Written by Thomas Reid⁠

A data engineer , specialising in the AWS cloud with particular interest in AI, serverless and the energy, finance and insurance sectors